How Makhana Became a Global Superfood

Aakhir Tak – In Shorts

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the formation of the Makhana Board in Budget 2025. Makhana, also known as fox nuts, has been a staple in Indian homes for years. Bihar is the largest producer of makhana in India. Makhana has become a global superfood due to its nutritional values. The Makhana Board will boost production, processing, and marketing.

Aakhir Tak – In Depth

The 2025 budget, announced by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, was special for various reasons. For some, it was tax relief; for others, it was the focus on science and development. However, it was also significant for Bihar, as the state received several key initiatives. One such announcement that caught people’s attention was the focus on makhana – yes, those fox nuts that have been a staple in Indian pantries for years.

During the budget, Nirmala Sitharaman declared that a “Makhana Board” would be set up in Bihar. This initiative aims to enhance production, processing, value addition, and marketing of Makhana. Bihar is the largest producer of these nuts in India, contributing 80 per cent of the country’s supply, yet it has struggled to capitalize on the growing global demand for this superfood.

“The board will provide hand-holding and training support to makhana farmers and will also work to ensure they receive the benefits of all relevant government schemes,” the finance minister said. This support is crucial for the sustainable growth of the makhana industry.

Makhana has gained popularity only in recent years. This rise can be credited to various factors, but its prominence isn’t just limited to India – it has also caught attention in the West. Industry players selling makhana both in India and abroad share the same story of increasing demand.

Data shows that India is the largest exporter of makhana worldwide. In the fiscal year 2023-2024, India exported approximately 25,130 metric tons of makhana. The top importers are the US, Canada, and Australia, with the US being the largest consumer. This highlights the global appeal of makhana.

One major reason for makhana’s growing reputation is its nutritional value. Often referred to as a superfood, makhana is packed with essential nutrients, making it a must-have on a balanced diet. This makes it an attractive option for health-conscious consumers.

According to Rajeev Pabreja, secretary of the Nuts and Dry Fruits Council of India (NDFCI), makhana is an excellent choice for those aiming for weight loss due to its high protein and low-calorie content. “With high antioxidant and flavonoid levels, it helps combat inflammation and ageing,” he adds. These properties further enhance its superfood status.

Deepti Khatuja, head clinical nutritionist at Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, highlights that foxnuts are loaded with proteins, healthy fats (omega-3), vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. These nutrients contribute to its overall health benefits.

Aashutosh Aggarwal, chief commercial officer of Snackpure, says, “Various health and lifestyle influencers have advocated the nutritional benefits of makhana. Recently, makhana gained considerable media attention after Nikhil Kamath, co-founder of Zerodha, emphasised its potential as a superfood.” Influencer marketing has played a significant role in its rise.

In 2022, the Indian government awarded the prestigious Geographical Indication (GI) tag to Mithila Makhana, recognising its deep-rooted heritage in Bihar’s Mithila region. This certification helps protect the name “Mithila Makhana” from misuse, boosts its market value, and ensures fair earnings for farmers. This also paves the way for increased exports, enhancing its global presence.

Farmers in Bihar have turned a challenge into an opportunity by cultivating makhana in flood-prone areas. The process begins in March-April when seeds are scattered in still water bodies. As plants grow, their leaves float on the surface while seeds develop below. By monsoon, the water is drained, revealing thousands of black, marble-like seeds. This unique cultivation method adds to its appeal.

Experts believe that with the formation of the Makhana Board and government support, production can be streamlined, ensuring fairer prices and better livelihoods for farmers. With the global makhana market projected to reach USD 177.7 million by 2025, this initiative could significantly boost India’s food industry. This potential growth underscores its economic importance.

Aakhir Tak – Key Takeaways to Remember

Makhana is rapidly gaining popularity as a superfood, and the formation of the Makhana Board will benefit farmers in Bihar. Its nutritional values and global demand could make makhana a significant product for the Indian economy.

Aakhir Tak Editor-in-Chief

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